This book brings together interdisciplinary research in cognitive psychology, cognitive impairment and abnormalities, cognitive networks and neurofeedback, and neurophysiology. Covered are the latest developments, pinpointing directions for future research on cognitive sciences and theory. Essential reading for those working directly in the cognitive sciences or in related specialist areas, Research Trends in Behavior and Executive Function provides an instant overview of current thinking for both experts and newcomers to cognitive sciences.

Memory impairment due to aging and various memory disorders represent a great medical challenge to our society. Since the publication of the fifth volume of this collection, the rapid progress in the research fields of Alzheimers disease (AD) and other types of dementias continues through the intense efforts of research scientists worldwide. This sixth volume contains eight chapters, bringing together a presentation of scientific frontiers in current AD/dementia research. The topics include a discussion on impairments in dementias, memory binding in AD, therapeutic targeting of BACE1 and neprilysin, Tau Immunotherapy, targeting 5-lipoxygenase targets for tauopathy, potential therapeutics for frontotemporal dementia, potential therapeutics for Downs syndrome, and cognitive rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis. Research advances in these areas are presented and discussed in great detail in the chapters. The book will be highly valuable to students and scientists worldwide who are interested in the scientific research and progress in AD and memory disorders.

This book presents new research on cognitive science which is most simply defined as the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence. It is an interdisciplinary study drawing from relevant fields including psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, computer science, biology, and physics. There are several approaches to the study of cognitive science. These approaches may be classified broadly as symbolic, connectionist, and dynamic systems. Symbolic holds that cognition can be explained using operations on symbols, by means of explicit computational theories and models of mental (but not brain) processes analogous to the workings of a digital computer. Connectionist (subsymbolic) holds that cognition can only be modelled and explained by using artificial neural networks on the level of physical brain properties. Hybrid systems hold that cognition is best modelled using both connectionist and symbolic models, and possibly other computational techniques. Dynamic Systems hold that cognition can be explained by means of a continuous dynamical system in which all the elements are interrelated, like the Watt Governor. The essential questions of cognitive science seem to be: What is intelligence? and How is it possible to model it computationally?

Cognitive science is most simply defined as the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence. It is an interdisciplinary study drawing from relevant fields including psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, computer science, biology, and physics. There are several approaches to the study of cognitive science. These approaches may be classified broadly as symbolic, connectionist, and dynamic systems. Symbolic -- holds that cognition can be explained using operations on symbols, by means of explicit computational theories and models of mental (but not brain) processes analogous to the workings of a digital computer. Connectionist (subsymbolic) -- holds that cognition can only be modelled and explained by using artificial neural networks on the level of physical brain properties.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative disorder in the ageing population, with dementia as a common consequence. AD is defined pathologically by the appearance of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, as described by Alois Alzheimer about a century ago. The causes for AD include genetic predisposition in a small population, ageing and environmental stresses in majority cases. The underlying pathogenic cascades, increases in expression of amyloid precursor protein and accumulation of Ass and reactive oxidant activity and inflammation, have the features of both adaptive, at least initially, and harmful when becoming excessive. Dementia, on the other hand, is a clinical diagnosis and is defined as globally, persistently impaired cognitive skills including memory. Alzheimer dementia refers to clinical dementia in patients who also have Alzheimer neuropathology. Alzheimer dementia is what brings the patients to seek medical treatments. An extraordinary inability to form new memory, especially of those episodic type, and executive dysfunction are among the earliest symptoms in AD patients. In end-stage AD, cognitive degeneration extends far beyond memory loss. The underlying causes include decreases in impaired brain metabolism, which results in impaired synaptic functions and capacities, thus impaired information processing, and eventually leads to neuronal injury and death. This book presents leading-edge research in this dynamic field.

This text brings together interdisciplinary research in cognitive psychology, cognitive impairment and abnormalities, cognitive networks and neurofeedback, neurophysiology, and linguistics. Covered are the latest developments, pinpointing directions for future research on cognitive sciences and theory. Essential reading for those working directly in the cognitive sciences or in related specialist areas, 'Advances in Cognitive Behavioral Sciences' provides an instant overview of current thinking for both experts and newcomers to cognitive sciences.

Dementia is a brain disorder that seriously affects a person's ability to carry out daily activities. The most common form of dementia among older people is Alzheimer's Disease (AD), which involves the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language. Age is the most important known risk factor for AD. The number of people with the disease doubles every 5 years beyond age 65. AD is a slow disease, starting with mild memory problems and ending with severe brain damage. The course the disease takes and the speed at which changes occur vary from person to person. On average, AD patients live from 8 to 10 years after they are diagnosed, though the disease can last for as many as 20 years. Current research is aimed at understanding why AD occurs and who is at greatest risk of developing it, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and the ability to identify those at risk, discovering, developing, and testing new treatments, and discovering treatments for behavioural problems in patients with AD. This book presents the latest research in the field.

This fifth book volume brings together scientific frontiers in current Alzheimer's Disease/dementia research. The book will be highly valuable to students and scientists world-wide who are interested in the scientific research progress in Alzheimer's Disease and memory disorders.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly, is characterised pathologically by extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, pathophysiologically by synaptic dysfunction, and clinically by a progressive decline in cognition. Currently, AD has no cure and its prevalence is predicted to triple by 2050 with the rapid increase in the ageing population, unless more effective prevention/treatments are developed. Since the publication of the third book volume, the rapid progress in the research fields of AD and dementia continues through the intensive efforts of research scientists world-wide. This fourth book volume contains 12 chapters, bringing together a presentation of scientific frontiers in current AD/dementia research. The topics include emotional memory in AD, amyloid-B clearance, synaptic transmission-mediated regulation of amyloid-B dynamics, anti-AD immunotherapy, clinical trials of AD therapeutics using AD transgenic mouse models, roles of apolipoprotein E, chronic inflammation, cathepsins, and gelsolin in AD pathogenesis and as anti-AD therapeutic targets/agents, declarative memory impairment and hippocampal atrophy in Parkinson's disease, fronto-temporal dementia, and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. These chapters cover current advances in our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying AD and dementia, in the diagnosis of early AD and dementia, and in the development of therapeutic agents that target memory-relevant AD pathogenesis. The book will be highly valuable to students and scientists world-wide who are interested in the scientific research progress in AD and memory disorders.

This book brings together interdisciplinary research in memory, cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, computer science, neurophysiology, neuroscience, and neuropharmacology. It covers the latest developments and pinpoint directions for future research on cognitive sciences and theory.

Cognitive science is most simply defined as the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence. It is an interdisciplinary study drawing from relevant fields including psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, computer science, and biology. This book presents the latest important research in the field.

This new book focuses on new research on cognitive science which is most simply defined as the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence. It is an interdisciplinary study drawing from relevant fields including psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, computer science, biology, and physics. There are several approaches to the study of cognitive science. These approaches may be classified broadly as symbolic, connectionist, and dynamic systems. Symbolic -- holds that cognition can be explained using operations on symbols, by means of explicit computational theories and models of mental (but not brain) processes analogous to the workings of a digital computer. Connectionist (subsymbolic) -- holds that cognition can only be modelled and explained by using artificial neural networks on the level of physical brain properties. Hybrid systems -- holds that cognition is best modelled using both connectionist and symbolic models, and possibly other computational techniques.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of neurodegenerative disorder in the aging population, is characterised pathologically by extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, pathophysiologically by synaptic dysfunction, and clinically by a progressive dementia. The rapid progress in the research fields of AD and dementia continues since the publication of the first book volume with the same title. This second book volume contains 14 chapters, bringing together a presentation of research frontiers in current AD/dementia research. The topics range from defining deregulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and neurotransmitter and signal molecules involved in regulation of APP processing, transgenic AD mouse models and their relevance to AD research, amyloid -peptide (A) immunisation, cerebral inflammation, myelin breakdown, roles of deregulation of cell cycle in AD pathology, relationship between cholesterol and AD, A binding to cholesterol and cholesterol oxidation, A-binding alcohol dehydrogenase and roles in AD pathogenesis, sex steroids, oestrogen therapy for AD prevention, behavioural and psychological symptoms of AD, memantine for AD therapy, enoxaparin as a therapeutic agent for AD, to molecular links between AD and traumatic brain injury. The prospects for developing effective therapeutic agents that target memory-relevant AD pathogenesis, as shown in these chapters written by world-wide leaders in the fields, are more encouraging. The book will be highly valuable to students and scientists world-wide who are interested in the scientific research progress in AD and dementia.

Interaction between cognition and mood regulation is a common neural and behavioural phenomenon. This book brings together an international group of neuroscientists who are investigating neural and molecular mechanisms underlying cognition, mood, and interactions between cognition and mood. Exciting advances are occurring in the understanding of the neural and molecular link between dementia and depression. This unique book provides a comprehensive overview of cognitive and mood neurosciences, with a strong emphasis on interactions between dementia and depression. It begins with an introduction to the fundamental concepts of dementia and depression and core issues facing clinical and neurological investigators. Then, several chapters cover the neurochemical substrates underlying the manifestation of cognition and mood regulation, including monoamines, excitatory amino acids, and angiotensins. Separate chapters are devoted to animal models of human dementia and behavioural changes in Alzheimer's dementia, the most common cause of progressive decline of cognition in aged humans. Subsequent chapters cover common molecular and neural abnormalities of cognitive impairments and mood deregulation, including topics such as neural atrophy, cholesterol, stress, and ageing. The book ends with current knowledge of convergence of antidementic and antidepressive pharmacology. The book is intended for scientists involved in the field, who may want a broader knowledge of all the aspects related to cognition and mood regulation, and for PhD or MD students, residents and neurologists who may wish to learn more about the interactions between cognition and mood. Neuropharmacologists will also benefit from the knowledge presented in the book in developing drugs that are more efficient to modify cognition and mood and more effective to restore normal cognitive and mood regulation.